Single Sign-On (SSO) is a central aspect of contemporary identity and access management, which allows users to sign in once and have smooth access to several applications. By minimizing the necessity for multiple passwords, SSO improves security, prevents password-based threats, and increases user satisfaction. It is widely deployed with protocols such as SAML, OAuth, and OpenID Connect, which support integration with cloud and on-premises applications. Still, SSO can be an instance of a single point of failure if left unsecured. Therefore, to make it more secure, organizations need to implement multi-factor authentication (MFA), have stringent access policies, track login attempts, and have secure session management to avoid unauthorized access.
